The appearance of new diseases to the potential lives, the constant threat of those known as powdery mildew and phylloxera, and the need to reduce chemical treatments dictated by environmental considerations, regulations and directives from, perhaps, also from the marketing, according to American scientists, depends on the development of new varieties grapes, to be studied, based on knowledge on the DNA of the screw. According to a study of U.S. Cornel Univesity, led by Sean Myles. Two underlying assets: the first is that all the most popular grape varieties are of the same family, the family of Vitis vinifera, domesticated 5-6000 years ago between Armenia and Turkey, and, having now crosses between varieties in a "very limited", are more vulnerable to disease, the second is that U.S. researchers have mapped the genome of more than 1,000 samples of lives, useful for studying disease-resistant varieties. Only in Australia, we speak of more than $ 100 million a year. And in Europe, which produces 70% of the wine world There is also a proposal to eliminate the EU Commission, in 2013, the use of substances "not essential". For this reason, scientists are trying to develop new grape varieties immune to infection, either by hybridization with species resistant "long and costly," that with the manipulation of genes. And here would come into camp genomic maps of over 1,000 samples, which link the "markers" at times such as acidity or resistance to disease. "Knowing these traits, you can
transplanting the seedlings, just look at DNA, you get the fabric of the first leaf, and keep those with genetic profiles that interest us. Saving a lot of time and money, "said Myles. And despite the commercial and cultural resistance in this sense, the change of mentality, according to Myles "must take place. We can not continue to use the same cultures for the next thousand years. "
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